Episode 7 — DSA with JavaScript / 7.15 — Recursion and Backtracking
7.15 — Interview Questions: Recursion & Backtracking
Beginner
Q1. Backtracking pattern?
Answer: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
Beginner
Q2. N-Queens complexity?
Answer: O(n!) with pruning
Beginner
Q3. Subset generation?
Answer: Include/exclude each element
Beginner
Q4. Permutations complexity?
Answer: O(n × n!)
Beginner
Q5. How to avoid duplicates?
Answer: Sort + skip same adjacent
Intermediate
Q6. Pruning?
Answer: Cut branches that can't succeed
Intermediate
Q7. Sudoku solver approach?
Answer: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
Intermediate
Q8. Word search approach?
Answer: DFS + mark visited + unmark
Intermediate
Q9. Combination sum?
Answer: Backtrack with remaining target
Intermediate
Q10. Base case importance?
Answer: Terminates recursion, returns result
Quick-fire table
| # | Question | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Backtracking pattern? | Choose → Explore → Unchoose |
| 2 | N-Queens complexity? | O(n!) with pruning |
| 3 | Subset generation? | Include/exclude each element |
| 4 | Permutations complexity? | O(n × n!) |
| 5 | How to avoid duplicates? | Sort + skip same adjacent |
| 6 | Pruning? | Cut branches that can't succeed |
| 7 | Sudoku solver approach? | Try 1-9, validate, backtrack |
| 8 | Word search approach? | DFS + mark visited + unmark |
| 9 | Combination sum? | Backtrack with remaining target |
| 10 | Base case importance? | Terminates recursion, returns result |
Rapid self-check cards
SC-001
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-002
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-003
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-004
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-005
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-006
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-007
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-008
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-009
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-010
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-011
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-012
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-013
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-014
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-015
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-016
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-017
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-018
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-019
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-020
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-021
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-022
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-023
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-024
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-025
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-026
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-027
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-028
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-029
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-030
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-031
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-032
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-033
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-034
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-035
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-036
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-037
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-038
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-039
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-040
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-041
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-042
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-043
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-044
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-045
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-046
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-047
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-048
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-049
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-050
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-051
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-052
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-053
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-054
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-055
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-056
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-057
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-058
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-059
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-060
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-061
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-062
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-063
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-064
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-065
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-066
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-067
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-068
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-069
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-070
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-071
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-072
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-073
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-074
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-075
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-076
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-077
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-078
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-079
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-080
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-081
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-082
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-083
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-084
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-085
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-086
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-087
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-088
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-089
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-090
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-091
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-092
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-093
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-094
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-095
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-096
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-097
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-098
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-099
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-100
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-101
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-102
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-103
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-104
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-105
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-106
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-107
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-108
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-109
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-110
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-111
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-112
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-113
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-114
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-115
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-116
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-117
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-118
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-119
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-120
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-121
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-122
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-123
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-124
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-125
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-126
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-127
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-128
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-129
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-130
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-131
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-132
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-133
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-134
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-135
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-136
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-137
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-138
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-139
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-140
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-141
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-142
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-143
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-144
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-145
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-146
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-147
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-148
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-149
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-150
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-151
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-152
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-153
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-154
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-155
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-156
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-157
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-158
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-159
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-160
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-161
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-162
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-163
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-164
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-165
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-166
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-167
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-168
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-169
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-170
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-171
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-172
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-173
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-174
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-175
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-176
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-177
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-178
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-179
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-180
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-181
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-182
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-183
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-184
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-185
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-186
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-187
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-188
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-189
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-190
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result
SC-191
- Q: Backtracking pattern?
- A: Choose → Explore → Unchoose
SC-192
- Q: N-Queens complexity?
- A: O(n!) with pruning
SC-193
- Q: Subset generation?
- A: Include/exclude each element
SC-194
- Q: Permutations complexity?
- A: O(n × n!)
SC-195
- Q: How to avoid duplicates?
- A: Sort + skip same adjacent
SC-196
- Q: Pruning?
- A: Cut branches that can't succeed
SC-197
- Q: Sudoku solver approach?
- A: Try 1-9, validate, backtrack
SC-198
- Q: Word search approach?
- A: DFS + mark visited + unmark
SC-199
- Q: Combination sum?
- A: Backtrack with remaining target
SC-200
- Q: Base case importance?
- A: Terminates recursion, returns result